Retinal Detachment & Vitreous Changes
Retinal detachment is a serious condition that can threaten vision if not treated promptly. Many of the most significant retinal problems are related to changes in the vitreous (the clear, gel-like substance that fills the center of the eye and is attached to the retina).
The vitreous is most firmly attached at the optic nerve, the macula (the center of detailed vision), and along the front edge of the retina. As we age, this gel naturally becomes more liquid. When that happens, it can shift inside the eye and gradually pull away from the retina.
This common age-related change is called a posterior vitreous detachment (PVD). By age 70, most people have experienced a PVD, and by age 100, nearly everyone has. In most cases, it does not cause serious problems.
Flashes and Floaters: What They Mean
When the vitreous pulls on the retina, you may notice:
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Flashes of light
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New floaters (small spots, threads, or cobweb-like shapes in your vision)
Flashes occur from tugging on the retina. Floaters develop as the vitreous becomes more stringy or condensed.
While floaters and flashes are often part of normal aging, they can sometimes signal a retinal tear or detachment, which requires urgent evaluation.
Vitreous changes can also occur due to:
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Nearsightedness (myopia)
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Eye injury
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Previous eye surgery
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Inflammation inside the eye
When a Retinal Tear Occurs
In some areas, the vitreous is tightly attached to the retina. If it pulls away from a weak area, it can create a retinal tear.
One condition that weakens the retina is lattice degeneration, an inherited trait where the retina is thinner than normal and more prone to tearing.
If a tear crosses a blood vessel, bleeding can occur inside the eye. This is called a vitreous hemorrhage.
Symptoms of bleeding may include:
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A sudden shower of dark floaters
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“Spider web” or swirling black/red lines
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A significant drop in vision
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Very dark or shadowed vision
A retinal tear is a serious condition. If untreated, it can progress to a retinal detachment, which may require surgery.
When Should You Be Examined?
You should seek prompt evaluation if you experience:
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Sudden onset of new floaters
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Flashes of light
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A shadow or curtain in your vision
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Sudden decrease in vision
Retinal tears can occur immediately after a PVD or even weeks later. If no tear develops within about eight weeks, the risk decreases, but new symptoms should always be checked.
Early detection can often prevent a full retinal detachment and protect your vision.
Schedule an Evaluation
If you are experiencing flashes, floaters, or sudden vision changes, call us immediately at 757-481-4400 to schedule a comprehensive retinal exam.
Protecting your sight starts with timely care.
